Fundamental issues in forensic semen detection.

Sperm detection can be an important factor in confirming sexual assault in cases of rape. A large number of cases received in a forensic laboratory involve sexual offenses, making it necessary to examine exhibits for the presence of seminal stains. The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the most important methods and tests used in the identification of spermatozoa or constituents of seminal fluid during the investigation of alleged sexual assault cases in forensic medical practice. Furthermore, this paper focusses on the basic knowledge that is necessary to the graduate students who wish to specialize in forensic sciences.